Tzu-Ying Chen

Abstract

Deployable gridshells are a class of planar-to-spatial structures that achieve a 3D curved geometry by inducing bending on a flat grid of elastic beams. However, the slender nature of these beams often conflicts with the structure’s load-bearing capacity. To address this issue, multiple layers are typically stacked to enhance out-of-plane stiffness and prevent stability issues. The primary challenge then lies in deploying such multi-layered systems globally, as it requires significant shaping forces for actuation. This paper presents an alternative design approach that involves strategically connecting compact-to-volumetric gridshell components using weaving principles to shape a thick segmented shell. This innovative approach allows for an incremental construc�tion process based entirely on deployable modules with volumetric configurations that locally provide the necessary structural depth for the entire system. To demonstrate this principle, we present the realization of BamX, a research pavilion constructed using deployable cylindrical components made from raw bamboo slats. These components are interconnected at carefully optimized interlocking woven nodes, resulting in a bending-active structural frame that is both strong and exceptionally lightweight. To determine the optimal topology and geometry of the pavilion, we employ an integrative computational approach that leverages advanced numerical optimization techniques. Our method incorporates a physics-based simulation of the bending and twisting be�havior of the bamboo ribbons. By finding the ideal locations for ribbon crossings, we ensure that all external and internal forces are in global equilibrium while minimizing the mechanical stress experienced by each ribbon. BamX exemplifies how a symbiosis of refined weaving craft and advanced computational modeling enables fascinating new opportunities for rethinking deployability in architecture.

Abstract

Though capable of allowing multi-directional spans, timber products such as cross-laminated timber are primarily utilized uni-directionally using linear supports like walls or beam elements. Recent building designs increasingly show punctual supports but with narrow column grid layouts. Support beams and narrow grids limit the design space for multi-storey timber buildings. To overcome these design limits, an integrative design concept for punctually supported timber slabs is being developed that allows for large spans and irregular column layouts. Therefore, engineering methods are integrated in the architectural design of the building components, such as plates, columns, and their connections. The developed slab system combines hardwood and softwood materials in a sandwich construction. The plates have a tailored internal topology considering the force flow in the slab. A plate-to-plate connection design is evaluated through mechanical tests, which also serve as calibration for the global structural model. The research findings are validated through the design and construction of a large scale demonstrator: the ITECH Campus Lab.